Wellington adams



2, Sheets-#Sheet 1.

(No Model.)

. W. ADAMS.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

N0. 300,827. Patented June 24, 1884.

N. 'Firms Phowixmbmpnm. wnxnmgm D. c.

(No Model.) z:v sheets-sheet 2.

W. ADAMS.

ELEGTRIG MOTOR.

N0. 300,827. Patented JunQZLl, 1884.

N. PCTERS. Pnato-Lilhngmplmr. wnshmgxan, D. c.

lUNirnn STATES i armar Ormea.

-WELLINGTON ADAMS, OF ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI, ASSIGNOR TO TIIE ADAMSELECTRIC COMPANY, OF SAME PLACE.

ELECTRIC MOTOR.

rE5PECIFICA'IION forming part of Letters Patent No. 300,82/7'7, datedJune 24, 1884.

Application filed March 27, 1883. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.'

Beit known that I, WELLINGTON-Aramis, of

St. Louis, in the county of St. Louis and State of Missouri, haveinvented certain new and 5 useful Improvements in Electric Motors; and Ido hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exactdescription thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings,and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form part of thisspecification.

The present invention relates to improve` ments in the construction ofelectric motors suited to the propulsion ef railroad-cars and to theoperation of light machinery ol' various kinds*for instance,sewing-maehines and dental instruments-as will be hereinafter explained.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure l is" an elevation, partly insection, showing the general construction and arrangement of arailroad-car wheel and axle with my motor' applied thereto. Fig. 2 is asection enlarged on line 00 x, Fig'. I, representing diagraminaticallythe circuitconnections. edge view of a car-wheel embodying my improvedpropelling device. Fig. 4 is an edge view, and Fig. 5 is a sideelevation, of the eentrifugal clutch mechanism hereinafter referred to.Fig. 6. is a section on line 1/ y, Fig. 4.

Similar letters denote like parts.

A represents the axle of a railroad-ear. To it is fixed the part B,which constitutes the web of the car-wheel, and to the part B isseeuredthe tire or tread Y.

Vithin the part B is rigidly secured a Pacinotti ring, P, constitutingthe field-magnet of the motor. The axle tapers inwardly from the part B,and fitting this tapered part is an exteriorly-screw-threaded bushing,D, on which is the interiorly-screwthreaded liub C. rIhe bushing7 whichrevolves on the axle, can be set up on the tapered portion of the latterto compensate and take up for wear, being held in desired position by ajam-nut, d, on the axle, provided with suitable set-screws to hold it upinto place. In ithis hub is an oil-chamber, c, from which the lubricantpasses through one or more apertures in the bushing to the axle.

From the hub C radiate spokes G, which carry a second Pacinotti orGramine ring, H,

Fig. 3 is an arranged within the outer ring, P, and eonstituting thearmature of the motor.

In order to transmit the movement of the armature to the wheel, the hubC (which 55 moves with the armature) is formed or prof vided with agear, g, with which mesh pinions K, whose axles are fast to a ring, J,and are lubricated from oil-cliainbcrs f in the pinions. These pinionsalso mesh with a rack, U, on 6o the interior of the overhanging portionofthe tread V of the wheel. Vhen the armature is in rota-tion, the ringJ so long as it is unrestrained, will revolve, and its pinions K willimpart no movement to the wheel 5 but as soon 65 as the ring is vheldstationary the pinions at once act to drive the rack U, and consequentlyto revolve the wheel in a direction opposite to that of the armature.For thepurpese of thus controlling the ring J, I combine with it 7o aclutch or retaining device which can be operated to hold fast or releasethe ring, as desired.

The particular form of retaining device shown in the drawings inillustration of my 7 5' invention is a centrifugal clutch composed ofsegments N, which lie in a groove, e, in the periphery of the ring J,and are held down therein by springs O, connected with them byscrew-bolts Q, provided with nuts, by means Se of which the tension ofor power exerted by the springs can be regulated. Surrounding theclutch-segments is a stationary band, M,

"with which the segments are to co-operate.

Vhen the armature is in rotation, the ring J 8 5 will revolve so long asthe speed of rotation is not sufficient to move the segments out againstthe stress vof their springs far enough to abut against the band ,butwhen the speed is sufficiently great the segments will bear 9o againstthe band, the ring J will be held fast, and. consequently the pinions Kwill put in revolution the wheel. As soon as this takes place the bandM, by proper means, is gradually tightened until it clasps firmly andclosely the' 95 segments, binding them dowii tightly upon the ring J.Inorder to thus operate the band, I provide its abutting ends, the onewith a lug, M', and the other with two lugs, M2 M2. The

screw-threaded end of a shaft, Ii, passes loosely roo through lugs M2,and screws through the lug IM. The portion of the shaft passing through.3 anche? the .lugs is reduced in size, and on this red need portiim,between the l ugs hl? M, lixed a collar, L. Under this arrangement itwill be seen that when the shalt is rotated it will expand or contractthe band according to the direction in which it :is moved. The shalt hasa rounded head, S, which has a stationary yet llexiblc bearing, T, :in asuitable portion ol` the traine-work ol' the car, and, lor the purposeol" rotating it, is provided with a chain or sprocket wheel, llt, thechain l'rom which will obviously extend to a. drum or likeinstrumentality at some convenient point on the car, by means oli' whichthe attendant can loosen, tighten, or adj ust the band at ijileasure.

The circnit-connectioi1s ofthe motor are indicated dia grannnatically inFig. 2. There are two connniitators, \V 1X., the'lormer electricallyconnected with the :held-magnet and mounted on the axle, the latterelectrically connected with the armature, and mounted ou thearmature-hub or an extension thereof.

Y Z are the respective sets ol" commutatorbrnshes, which are to hesecured to the car truck or body, or to some stationary part olf' thestructure. The circuit is vl'rom the generator through the lield, thencethrough the armature, and thence back to the generator. lhe held-ringl?, being secured to the outer and tire-carrying portion of the wheel,and the armature ring It being independently mounted and connected, asdescribed, when the said outer ring is energized, consequent points orpoles are developed in the said ring, which cause it to operate as aeld-magnet to the inner ring, 1I. lhe ring H, being magnetized in anopposite sense toits iield-inagnet l?, is strongly attracted thereto,and the rings being constructed with alternating sections ol" coiledwire and sol't iron and moved in opposite directions, as stated, thepoles will remain very near a predetermined point, preferably on a linepassing vertically through the axis of the device. The line ol"strongest magnetic effect will be carried across this vertical line bythe sections, and when said iron is l'ollowed by its succeeding mass 'ofwire the magnetic line referred to will. recede or i ump back to thenext iron section to the rear ot' the mass ot' wire at any movementpassing the vertical point. ln this manner the polarity ol" the rings,while eonlincd to avery small a1nplitude ot' vibration, d oes in ell'ectapproach and recede l'rom the vertical line, the result being that thctwo rings rotating in opposite directions act upon each other with thestrongest magnetic l'orce attainable.

Assuming the clutch to be properly adj usted and t-hc armature to be inrevolution, the operation is as follows: The power ol' the armature 1liis transmitted from the hub (l to the wheel through the'pinions K andrack U only when the speed ol rotation has reached a predeterminedpoint, which is regulated by the adjustment ol" the clutch. illhe pieceslf are held with any desired degree of torce by the adjustable bolts Q.and springs O, and as the speed with which the ring .l is rotiiled bythe armature .ll increases, the lenllency is vl'or these pieces to betlnown into contact with the band M by centrifugal. action. As soon asthis happens the said. shalt l] and band lll' being secured to the car,rotary motion ol'lhe ring .l ceases and. the power devclolnnl by therotating hub (f) is conveyed directly throi'lgh hub C, piuions li'., andrack 'Il to the tire ol" the wheel. As soon as this takes place theattendant or engineer rotates the shal't 'il in a direction to clamp andbind Iirlnly the band .Wil on the ring AV, and, the car then continuesin motion until the clutch is caused to release 'its hold.

ln apripilying this motel.' to other mechanical usesmas, tor instance,to a sewiiig-niachi'nethe device substantially as herein shown isattached to a suitable portionv oli' the main shalt of the machine to bedriven, and the shalt li is secured to the tablesupper-t.

Having described my invention, Il'. claimll. ln an electro-dynamicmachine, an annular held-magnet and inclosing-casing thine for, adaptedto constitute the tiire-supporting portion ol' a car-wheel, as setl'orlh.

2. The combination, with a carlw eel, el' an electro-dynamic machinewhose ihcll'l u1agnet and armature are incased by said wheel, substantiallyas and lor the purposes herelnbellufe set forth.

3. The combination, with a carfwheel, el' au annular iield-magnetcarried by said wheel, an armature adapted to be rotatedwithin saidheld-magnet, and a shalt supporting `the armature and constituting anaxle l'or the wheel,

Vsul)stantiz'illy as and for the purposes hereinbel'ore set forth.

lhe eombimnion, with the relating armature and the wheel to be diivcnthereby, ot' intermediate motion transmnting and controlling mechanisni:.nranged and oijierating, substantially as hereinl ielore set l'orth,to anti inlatically throw the armature into gear with the wheel t-o bedriven when its speed el` ro' tation has reached a predetermined point,as and l'or the purposes siniciiied.

5. in an electrodyiiamic machine, au an nular lieh'tmagnet rigidlyattached to the supporting or main axle, and rovideifl with atire-supporting casing, in combination with an armature moving withinthe Lllcldnnagnet, and having a hub mounted upon said axle, gearingconnecting the periphc ,y olsald hub to the interior ol.' the tiresuplnn .ving casing, automatic clutching devices supported by thecon]iecting-pinions, and means, substantially as described, for varyingthe tension el' the clutch-operating mechanism. and the speed at whichthe same becomes op erative, as set il'ortl i.

G. In combination with. an annular :fieldl magnet and an armaturecontained and rotating therein, the hub C, pinions '.ii, ring .'i,provided with sections N, springs and adjusting-screws, the stationary:nl iustable hand hl', and shaft l', substantially as shown and described.

IOS

Ilm

7. In an electroclynaniie machine, the con1- bination of armature II,and liub C, having olchamber c, with adjustable bushing I), and

mature is mounted to revolve on said shaft, 15 and intermediatetransmitting-gearing for iinparting movement from the armature to saidshaft or axle, substantially as and vfor the purposes hereinbefore setforth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as 2o my own I affix mysignature in presence of two Witnesses.

WELLINGTON ADAMS.

Witnesses: I

T. H. ALEXANDER., FRANKLAND JliNNUs.

